What Does It Mean to End a Text With B

Abbreviated slang used in text messaging

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SMS linguistic communication displayed on a mobile telephone screen

Short Message Service (SMS) language, textspeak, or texting language ^[1] is the abbreviated language and slang commonly used with mobile phone text messaging, or other Internet-based communication such as email and instant messaging.^[2]

Features of early mobile phone messaging encouraged users to employ abbreviations. 2G engineering made text entry difficult, requiring multiple key presses on a pocket-sized keypad to generate each letter of the alphabet, and letters were generally limited to 160 characters (or 1120 bits). Additionally, SMS linguistic communication made text messages quicker to compose, while also avoiding additional charges from mobile network providers for lengthy letters exceeding 160 characters.

Once it became pop, it was often used exterior of texting, such as formal emails or letters.

History [edit]

SMS language is similar to telegraphs' linguistic communication where charges were past the discussion. It seeks to apply the fewest letters to produce ultra-concise words and sentiments^[3] in dealing with the space, fourth dimension, and cost constraints of text messaging. It follows from how early on SMS permitted but 160 characters and that carriers began charging a small fee for each bulletin sent (and sometimes received). Together with the difficulty and inefficiency in creating letters, information technology led the want for a more than economic language for the new medium.^[iv]

It shares some characteristics with net and Telex speak following from how its evolution is rather symbiotic to the evolution of use of shorthand in chat rooms. Likewise, such a modify sought to adapt the modest number of characters allowed per message, and to increase convenience for the time-consuming and frequently small keyboards on mobile phones. Like elliptical styles of writing can be traced to the days of telegraphese 120 years dorsum, when telegraph operators were reported to use abbreviations similar to mod text when chatting amongst themselves in between the sending of official messages.^[v] Faramerz Dabhoiwala wrote in The Guardian in 2016: "mod usages that horrify linguistic purists in fact have deep historical roots. 'OMG' was used by a septuagenarian naval hero, admiral of the fleet Lord Fisher, in 1917".^{[6] [vii]}

In general, SMS language thus permits the sender to type less and communicate more quickly than one could without such shortcuts. 1 example is the use of "tomoz" instead of "tomorrow". Nevertheless, there are no standard rules for the creation and utilise of SMS languages. Whatever give-and-take may be shortened (for example, "text" to "txt"). Words tin can too exist combined with numbers to make them shorter (for example, "later" to "l8r"), using the numeral "eight" for its homophonic quality.^[8]

SMS language every bit a multilingual entity [edit]

French comic featuring SMS linguistic communication. The child'southward speech (in full French spelling, "Mais c'est vrai! T'es quoi, un Nazi?", translated as "But it'due south true! What are you, a Nazi?") is written in French SMS abbreviations.

Some may view SMS language to exist a dialect of the English linguistic communication,^[3] that is a dialect strongly if non completely derivative of the English language. This may not be so. Such generalization may take risen from the fact that mobile phones had only been able to support a express number of default languages in the early stages of its conception and distribution.^[ix]

A mobile operating arrangement (OS) such as Symbian and language packs enable the linguistic localization of products that are equipped with such interfaces, where the current Symbian release (Symbian Belle) supports the scripts and orthographies of over 48 languages and dialects, though such provisions are by no means fully comprehensive as to the languages used past users all over the world. Researcher Mohammad Shirali-Shahreza (2007)^[ix] further observes that mobile phone producers offer back up "of local linguistic communication of the country" within which their telephone sets are to be distributed.

Nonetheless, various factors contribute every bit additional constraints to the employ of non-English languages and scripts in SMS. This motivates the anglicization of such languages, especially those using non-Latin orthographies (i.e. not using Latin alphabets) following for case, the even more limited message lengths involved when using for example, Cyrillic or Greek letters.^[10] On the other side, researcher Gillian Perrett observes the de-anglicization^[xi] of the English linguistic communication following its apply and incorporation into non-English linguistic contexts.

As such, on top of the measures taken to minimize space, fourth dimension and cost constraints in SMS language, farther constraints upon the varied nature and characteristics of languages worldwide add to the distinct backdrop and style of SMS language(s).

Linguistic properties and style [edit]

The master motivation for the creation and utilize of SMS linguistic communication was to convey a comprehensible message using the fewest characters possible. This was for ii reasons: start of all, telecommunication companies limited the number of characters per SMS and charged the user per SMS sent. To continue costs down, users had to find a mode of existence concise while still communicating the desired message. Secondly, typing on a phone is usually slower than with a keyboard, and capitalization is fifty-fifty slower. As a effect, punctuation, grammar, and capitalization are largely ignored.

In many countries, people now have access to unlimited text options in their monthly plan, although this varies widely depending on country and operator. All the same, screens are still pocket-sized and the input trouble persists, so SMS language is notwithstanding widely used for brevity.

Observations and classifications as to the linguistic and stylistic properties of SMS language have been made and proposed by Crispin Thurlow,^[12] López Rúa,^[thirteen] and David Crystal.^[10] Although they are past no means exhaustive, some of these properties involve the use of:

• Initializations (acronyms and abbreviations equanimous of initials)
• Reductions and shortenings, and omission of parts of speech

• Pragmatics and context in interpretation of ambiguous shortenings

• Reactive tokens
• Pictograms and logograms (rebus abridgement)
• Paralinguistic and prosodic features

• Capitalization
• Emoticons

• Variations in spelling
• Punctuation, or lack thereof

Initializations (acronyms and abbreviations composed of initials)^[xiii] [edit]

At that place are many examples of words or phrases that share the same abbreviations (e.one thousand., lol could hateful express mirth out loud, lots of dear, or little old lady, and cryn could mean crayon or cryin(chiliad)).

Reductions and shortenings,^[12] and omission of parts of speech communication^[xiv] [edit]

For words that accept no common abbreviation, users most normally remove the vowels from a give-and-take, and the reader is required to interpret a cord of consonants by re-adding the vowels (e.g., dictionary becomes dctnry and keyboard becomes kybrd). Omission of words, peculiarly function words (due east.one thousand., determiners like "a" and "the") are also employed as part of the effort to overcome time and space constraints.^[xiv]

The advent of predictive text input and smartphones featuring total QWERTY keyboards may contribute to a reduction in the utilize of shortenings in SMS linguistic communication.^{[ citation needed ]}

Pragmatics and context in estimation of ambiguous shortenings [edit]

Recipients may have to interpret the abbreviated words depending on the context in which they are beingness used. For case, should someone apply ttyl, lol they may mean talk to you lot later on, lots of beloved as opposed to talk to you later, laugh out loud. In another example, if someone were to use omg, lol they may mean oh my god, laugh out loud every bit opposed to oh my god, lots of love.

Therefore, context is crucial when interpreting textese, and it is precisely this shortfall that critics cite equally a reason not to use it (although the English linguistic communication in general, like many other languages, has many words that take different meanings in different contexts).

SMS linguistic communication does not e'er obey or follow standard grammar, and additionally the words used are not usually found in standard dictionaries or recognized past language academies.

Reactive tokens [edit]

The feature of "reactive tokens" that is ubiquitous in Internet Relay Chat (IRC), is also usually plant in SMS linguistic communication. Reactive tokens include phrases or words like "yeah I know", which signifies a reaction to a previous bulletin. In SMS linguistic communication, however, the difference is that many words are shortened unlike in spoken speech.^[15]

Pictograms and logograms (rebus abbreviation)^[ten] [edit]

Some tokens of the SMS language can be likened to a rebus, using pictures and single messages or numbers to represent whole words (east.g., "i <three u", which uses the pictogram of a heart for love, and the letter u replaces you).

The dialect has a few hieroglyphs (codes comprehensible to initiates) and a range of face up symbols.^[16]

Paralinguistic and prosodic features [edit]

Prosodic features in SMS language aim to provide added semantic and syntactic information and context from which recipients can use to deduce a more than contextually relevant and accurate interpretation. These may aim to convey the textual equivalent of exact prosodic features such as facial expression and tone of vocalisation.^{[17] [18]} Indeed, fifty-fifty though SMS linguistic communication exists in the format of written text, it closely resembles normal speech in that it does non have a complicated construction and that its meaning is greatly contextualised.

Capitalization [edit]

In the case of capitalization in SMS language, there are three scenarios:^[19]

• No capitalization
• Capitalization of only the offset word
• Total capitalization every bit advisable that conforms to all grammatical rules

Well-nigh SMS letters have washed abroad with capitalization. Use of capitalizations on the offset word of a message may in fact, not be intentional, and may likely be due to the default capitalization setting of devices. Capitalization too may encode prosodic elements, where copious utilise may signify the textual equivalent of raised vocalization to indicate heightened emotion.^[17]

Emoji, asterisk emoting, and emoticons [edit]

Just as trunk language and facial expressions tin can alter how oral communication is perceived, emoji and emoticons tin can alter the significant of a text message, the difference existence that the real tone of the SMS sender is less easily discerned merely past the emoticon. Using a smiling face can exist perceived as being sarcastic rather than happy, thus the reader has to make up one's mind which it is past looking at the whole message.^[20]

Use of punctuation and capitalization to form emoticons distracts from the more traditional function of such features and symbols. Withal, uses do differ beyond individuals and cultures. For example, overpunctuation may just be used to communicate paralinguistic aspects of communication without the need to create an emotion from it like so: "Howdy!!!!".^[xiv]

Punctuation, or lack thereof [edit]

While vowels and punctuation of words in SMS language are generally omitted, David Crystal observes that apostrophes occur unusually frequently. He cites an American study of 544 messages, where the occurrence of apostrophes in SMS language is approximately 35 percent.^[10] This is unexpected, seeing that information technology is a hassle to input an apostrophe in a text message with the multiple steps involved. The utilize of apostrophes cannot be attributed to users attempting to disambiguate words that might otherwise be misunderstood without it.

There are few cases in English where leaving out the apostrophe causes misunderstanding of the message. For example, "nosotros're" without the apostrophe could be misread equally "were". Even then, these are generally understood correctly despite beingness ambiguous, as readers can rely on other cues such as part of sentence and context where the word appears to decide what the word should be. For many other words like "Im" and "Shes", there is no ambiguity. Since users don't need to utilise apostrophes to ensure that their message is understood accurately, this phenomenon may in office exist attributed to texters wanting to maintain clarity so that the message can be more hands understood in a shorter corporeality of time.^[x] The widespread mobile telephone auto-correct feature contributes to the frequency of the apostrophe in SMS letters, since, fifty-fifty without user awareness, it will insert an apostrophe in many common words, such as "I'm", "I'll", and "I'd".

Tone [edit]

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Variations in spelling [edit]

Users may also apply spellings that reflect their illocutionary force and intention rather than using the standard spelling. For case, the use of "haha" to signify "standard" laughter, and "muahaha" to encode perhaps more raucous or evil sound of laughter.^[fifteen]

In this, regional variations in spelling tin too be observed. As such, SMS linguistic communication, with its intergroup variations, also serves as an identity marking.^[18]

Conventional examples and vocabulary [edit]

SMS dictionaries [edit]

SMS language has notwithstanding to be accepted every bit a conventional and stable course, either equally a dialect or every bit a language. As a result, (every bit much as it is also a consequence), notable lexicographical efforts and publications (e.g., dictionaries) dealing specifically with SMS linguistic communication have nevertheless to emerge.^[21] Some experts have suggested that the usage of "ungrammatical" text message slang has enabled SMS to become a role of "normal language" for many children.^{[ citation needed ]}

Many informal attempts at documenting SMS take been done. For case, service provider Vodacom provides its clients with an SMS dictionary every bit a supplement to their cell phone purchase.^[21] Vodacom provides lists of abbreviations and acronyms with their meanings in its web site.^{[22] [21]}

Many other efforts have been fabricated to provide SMS dictionaries on the Internet. Usually an alphabetical list of "words" used in SMS language is provided, forth with their intended meanings.^{[23] [24]} Text letters can also exist "translated" to standard linguistic communication on certain web sites equally well, although the "translations" are non always universally accepted.^[25]

Whole give-and-take or phrase abbreviation [edit]

Many people are likely to use these abbreviations in lower case letters.

Listing of abbreviations

Words in total	Abbreviations or SMS language
Am I Right	AIR or Amirite [26]
As Far As I Know	AFAIK[22]
As Shortly As Possible	ASAP[22]
At	@[22]
At The Moment	ATM[22]
...as fuck	AF[27]
Away From Keyboard	AFK[22]
Be Right Back	BRB[28]
Because	B/C or BCS or BC[29]
Best Friend Fellow	BF[29]
Best Friend Forever Boyfriend Forever	BFF[29]
Betwixt	B/W
Cleaved Heart	</3[ citation needed ]
By The Mode	BTW[22]
Adieu For Now	BFN[29]
Chicks	CHX[22]
Christmas or Christmas day	xmas[30] [ circular reference ]
For Existent	FR
For The Win	FTW[22]
For Your Information	FYI[29]
Become The Fuck Out	GTFO[29]
Girlfriend	GF[29]
Good Game	GG[31]
Adept nighttime/Good morning	GN[32]/GM[33] [34]
Haha	hh[22]
Take A Nice Day	HAND[22]
How I feel when	HIFW[35]
Hugs And Kisses	HAK or XOXO[22]
I ain't coming back	IACB[ citation needed ]
I don't care	IDC[22]
I Don't Know	IDK[29]
I Feel Your Pain	IFYP[ commendation needed ]
I Detest You	IH8U[29]
I accept no idea	IHNI[22]
I Know, Right?	IKR[36]
I Love You	ILU or ILY[29]
I Miss Y'all	IMY[37]
In Real Life	IRL[22]
If I Recall Correctly	IIRC[38]
In My Humble/Honest Opinion	IMHO[29]
In My Stance	IMO[29]
Not	!=
Just Kidding	JK[29]
Just so you lot know	JSYK[22]
Proceed It Simple, Stupid	Buss[22]
Keeping parents clueless	KPS[ citation needed ]
Later (often as a valediction)	l8r[39]
Laugh(ing) My Ass Off	LMAO[40]
Laugh(ing) Out Loud	LOL[40]
Dear	<three[22]
Loving The Weather Today	LTWT or LWT or LW[22]
My face when	MFW[ citation needed ]
My reaction when	MRW[ commendation needed ]
Bulletin	MSG[29]
Nevermind/No Worries Mate	NVM
No trouble	NP[22]
Non a Number	NaN[41] [42]
Oh My Gosh/God/Goodness	OMG[22]
On The Way	OTW[29]
Original Affiche, Overpowered	OP[43]
Parent at dwelling house	PAH[ citation needed ]
Parent behind back	PBB[ citation needed ]
Parent in the room	PITR[ citation needed ]
Parent over my shoulder	POMS[ citation needed ]
Parents are watching	Hand[ commendation needed ]
Profile picture	PFP[ commendation needed ]
Please	PLZ or PLS[29]
Read the fucking manual	RTFM[ commendation needed ]
Actually	RLY[ citation needed ]
Right Now	RN[ commendation needed ]
Rolling on the Floor Laughing	ROFL or ROTFL[22]
Sealed With a Kiss	SWAK[22]
Meet Y'all	CU[22]
Meet Y'all Later	CUL8R[29]
Shaking My Caput (disapproval/frustration)	SMH[29]
Shut The Fuck Up	STFU[29]
Pregnant Other	So[29]
Sleeping, Bored, Tired	ZZZ[ citation needed ]
And so Much	SM[ commendation needed ]
So What's Your Problem?	SWYP[22]
Finish What You're Doing	SWYD[22]
Such A Laugh	SAL[22]
Talk To You lot Later on	TTYL[29]
Tears in My Optics	TIME[22]
Thank Yous so Much	TYSM[ citation needed ]
Thanks	THNX or THX[22]
Thanks, Thank you	THX or TU or TY[29] [44]
That Feeling When	TFW[ citation needed ]
That Makes Sense	TMS[ citation needed ]
Thinking of Yous	TOU[ citation needed ]
Tonight or See you tonight	2NYT or 2nite[ commendation needed ]
To Be Announced	TBA[45]
To Exist Honest	TBH[ citation needed ]
Too Long; Didn't Read	TL;DR, TLDR or TL DR[46]
Too Much Data	TMI[47]
Trying Not To Laugh	TNTL[ citation needed ]
You Only Live Once	YOLO[22]
You're on Your Own	YOYO[22]
You're Welcome	YW[ citation needed ]
Your	UR[ citation needed ]
Very	HELLA[ citation needed ]
What Are You Doing	WYD[22]
What Do You Hateful	WDYM[22]
What The Fuck	WTF[29]
What The Hell	WTH[29]
Whatsoever	Whatevs or W/E or WE[22]
Where Are You At	WYA[22]
Wish Y'all Were Here	WYWH[ citation needed ]
With	W/ or Westward[ citation needed ]
Without	W/O or WO[ commendation needed ]
Works For Me	WFM[41]

Political abbreviations [edit]

Abbreviations used in politics across the world, many of the abbreviations are followed by a state code of Blastoff-2 code of ISO 3166-1 to specify the country, territory or jurisdiction.

United states of america [edit]

Words in full	Abbreviations or SMS language	Pronunciation
The president of the United States of America	POTUS	potus
White House Press Secretary	WHPS	Pronounced in full
The Autonomous party	dem	dem
The Great One-time Party (Republican)	GOP	One thousand-O-P

United Kingdom [edit]

Words in full	Abbreviations or SMS language	Pronunciation
The Prime Government minister of United kingdom	PMUK or PMOUK	po:muk

The Czech Republic [edit]

Czech abbreviations ending with the CZ are pronounced as check

Words in total	Abbreviations or SMS language	Pronunciation
The President of The Czechia	POTCZ	pot-check
The Prime Minister of The Czech republic	PMOCZ or PMCZ	P-Thousand-check
The Prime Minister of The Czechia	PMOCZ	Pronounced in full

A single letter or digit tin can replace a word, syllable, or phoneme [edit]

Entire sounds within words would ofttimes be replaced by a letter of the alphabet or digit that would produce a similar audio when read by itself:

Word/Syllable/Phoneme	Letter of the alphabet/Digit	Example Usage As Part of Give-and-take
be	b	Be or not to be becomes b||!=2b
see or sea	c	Meet you afterwards becomes CU later
okay	k‡ (or kk†)	In instance sentence Do y'all want an ice cream? the k may exist used every bit a smuggish and/or disrespecting response
and or en	n	savor becomes njoy and cease becomes nd
oh	o	oh my god becomes omg
are	R	In a sentence HRU? meaning How are you? the R becomes are
you	U	In a sentence ?RU doing meaning What are you lot doing the U becomes you
why	Y	In a sentence Y R U like this? meaning Why are you like this? the Y becomes Why
won or one	1§	anyone becomes any1 or ne1 and no one becomes no1
to, also or two	ii§	today becomes 2day and tune becomes 2ne
for or four	4§	forget becomes 4get and afford becomes a4d
ate	viii§	great becomes gr8 and hate becomes h8
What? or Huh or Question	?	In a sentence ?4U significant Questions for yous the ? becomes Question
Expresses shock	!	Used equally a reaction to a message

^‡ k is sometimes considered passive aggressive
^† kk tin as well signal the finish of a conversation^{[ commendation needed ]}
^§ using numbers phonetically is often intended to be sarcastic^{[ citation needed ]}
^ The exclamation mark symbol ! is scalable depending on the corporeality of shock, the well-nigh mutual use is !!!

Combinations can shorten single or multiple words:

Word(s)	SMS
your	ur
you lot are	u r
wonderful	1drfl§
before	b4§
easy	ez
someone	sum1§
see you	cu or cya
for you	4u§
tomorrow	2mro§, 2mo§, tmr, or tmrw

Overall observations and criticisms [edit]

Frequency of use [edit]

In ane American written report, researchers found that less than 20% of messages used SMS language. Looking at his own texting history, the study's author, linguist David Crystal, said that just ten% of his messages used SMS language.^[48]

Positive [edit]

Effect on verbal language use and literacy [edit]

According to research washed past Dr. Nenagh Kemp of University of Tasmania, the evolution of textese is inherently coupled to a strong grasp of grammar and phonetics.^[49]

David Crystal has countered the claims that SMS has a deleterious event on language with numerous scholarly studies. The findings are summarized in his book Txtng: the Gr8 Db8. In his book, Crystal argues that:

• In a typical text bulletin, words are non abbreviated as ofttimes as widely thought
• Abbreviating has been in use for a long time, and thus is not a novel phenomenon only found in SMS linguistic communication. Furthermore, some words such as "sonar" and "laser" that are accustomed as standard words in the dictionary are originally acronyms.
• Both children and adults utilise SMS language, so if adults do not display the errors seen in children's written work, they cannot be attributed to SMS language alone.
• Utilise of abbreviations in written piece of work and examinations is not that prevalent amid students.
• A prerequisite to using SMS language is the knowledge of spelling, so utilise of SMS language does non necessarily imply low literacy.

He further observes that this is past no means a cause for bad spelling, where in fact, texting may lead to an improvement in the literacy of the user.^{[10] [50]}

There are others who feel that the claims of SMS linguistic communication being detrimental to English language proficiency are overrated. A study of the written work of 100 students by Freudenberg institute that the actual corporeality of utilise of SMS language found in the written work was non very significant. Some features of SMS language such as the apply of emoticons was not observed in any of the written piece of work by the students. Of all the errors constitute, quite a substantial amount cannot exist attributed to use of SMS language. These included errors that take already appeared even before the advent of SMS language.^[xiv]

There are also views that SMS language has fiddling or no effect on grammar.^[51] Proponents of this view feel that SMS linguistic communication is just another linguistic communication, and since learning a new language does non bear upon students' proficiency in English language grammer, it cannot be said that SMS language tin affect their grammar. With proper instruction, students should be able to distinguish between slang, SMS language and correct English language and utilize them in their appropriate contexts.^[51]

Efficiency [edit]

According to a report, though SMS language is faster to write, more than time is needed to read it compared to conventional English.^[52]

Negative [edit]

Consequence on verbal linguistic communication apply and advice [edit]

Although diverse other research supports the use of SMS language, the pop notion that text messaging is dissentious to the linguistic development of young people persists and many view it as a corruption of the standard form of language.^[53]

Welsh journalist and television reporter John Humphrys has criticized SMS language every bit "wrecking our language". The author cites ambivalence equally 1 problem posed, illustrating with examples such equally "lol", which may either exist interpreted to mean "laughing out loud", "lots of dearest", and "trivial old lady" depending on the context in which it is being used. Ambiguous words and statements have ever been nowadays within languages. In English for example, the word "duck" can have more i meaning. Information technology could be referring to either the bird or the action, and such words are ordinarily disambiguated by looking at the context in which it was written.^[54]

The proliferation of SMS language has been criticized for causing the deterioration of English language proficiency and its rich heritage. Opponents of SMS language feel that information technology undermines the backdrop of the English language that have lasted throughout its long history. Furthermore, words within the SMS language that are very similar to their English language-language counterparts can exist confused by immature users as the bodily English spelling and can therefore increase the prevalence of spelling mistakes.^[55]

Utilize in schoolwork [edit]

Use of SMS language in schools tended to be seen as negative effects.^{[ citation needed ]} There take been some reports in the media of children using SMS linguistic communication for essays in school.^[56] The New Zealand Qualifications Authorisation refuted press reports that they had authorized the use of text abbreviations in exam answers, with a spokesperson saying that "there had been no modify to guidelines and there was no specific policy well-nigh text language."^[57]

SMS language and identity [edit]

According to Sean Ó Cadhain, abbreviations and acronyms elicits a sense of grouping identity every bit users must be familiar with the lingo of their group to be able to comprehend the SMS language used inside the group.^[58] The ability to utilize and sympathise these language short forms that are unique to each group indicates that an private is part of the group, forging a group identity that excludes outsiders. SMS linguistic communication is thus thought to be the "cloak-and-dagger code of the youth" past some.^[58] The fact that sometimes, shortened forms are used for reasons other than space constraints can exist seen as interlocutors trying to establish solidarity with each other.^[58]

Differences betwixt male and female utilize of SMS language [edit]

According to Norwegian researcher Richard Ling, at that place are differences in the SMS language of females and males.^[19] The lexical, morphological and syntactic choices of male and female SMS users^[15] suggested to Ling that women are more "adroit"^{[Note 1]} and more "literary" texters.^[10] Richard Ling observes:

• Women's messages tend to exist "longer"
• Women used more than "circuitous construction" and grammar
• Men's messages tend to comprise "ane-sentence", "1-clause" or "one-thought" constructions (the latter is markedly observable among male person users inside the ages 16 to 19)
• More greetings and words of parting were observed in women's messages
• Women had messages with emotional and practical (e.grand., arranging a meeting) content unlike men, who mostly used SMS language for practical content just.
• Women and the younger users (across gender) tend to use more shortened forms and emoticons than men per se
• While women observed conventional rules more than men, the divergence is marginal. This involves the utilise of correct spelling, punctuation, capitalization, etc.

Utilise in advertisements [edit]

Circa 2005, advertisements have been increasingly influenced by SMS language. The longer the message in the advertizement, the less the impression it volition leave. Hence, brusque messages that are more than catchy, cost and infinite-saving are more than unremarkably used.^[21] The visual upshot elicited by SMS language also lends a feeling of novelty that helps to make the advertizing more memorable. For case, an advertizing of a book uses the SMS language: EAT Right 4 YOUR TYPE.^[21]

Companies focusing on the teen market have the trend to brand use of SMS language in their advertising to capture the attention of their target audience.^[59] Since teenagers tend to be the ones using SMS language, they are able to chronicle to advertisements that use SMS language. Unilever'due south advertisement for their novel range of deodorant for teenage girls uses the phrase "OMG! Moments." David Lang, president of the squad who created the advertizing commented that they desired to bring across the impression that they identify with youth culture and discourse.^[59]

Many other companies like McDonald's have also attempted to pursue the teenage market past using SMS language abbreviations in their commercials. McDonald's in Korea has an online video commercial which concludes with: "r u ready?".^[59]

See too [edit]

• LOL
• Sexting
• Newspeak (Fictional "impoverished" language featured in George Orwell's Xix Eighty-4)
• Cupertino effect (Erroneous replacement of words by spellcheckers)
• Jejemon
• English linguistic communication spelling reform
• Tironian notes, scribal abbreviations and ligatures (Roman and medieval abbreviations used to save space in manuscripts and epigraphs)
• Internet slang
• Cyberculture
• Leetspeak

References [edit]

1. ^ too known as txt-speak, txtese, chatspeak, txt, txtspk, txtk, txto, texting language, txt lingo, SMSish, txtslang, txt talk, text autograph
2. ^ Silberstein, Sandra (2018). "Maintaining "Adept Guys" and "Bad Guys": Implicit Language Policies in Media Coverage of International Crises". In Tollefson, James W; Pérez-Milans, Miguel (eds.). The Oxford Handbook of Language Policy and Planning. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 318–332. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190458898.013.18. ISBN978-0-19-045889-8.
3. ^ ^{a b} Huang, Lily (1 August 2008). "Engineering science: Textese May Be the Expiry of English". Newsweek . Retrieved 20 Dec 2011.
4. ^ "History of Brusque Bulletin Service (SMS)". Reviews and Ratings of SMS Marketing Services. All-time Text Marketing. sixteen Nov 2010. Retrieved 18 March 2012.
5. ^ Radnedge, Aidan (16 August 2011). "The stripped-down form of writing that goes with texting has been with the states for more than 120 years, research has uncovered". metro.co.uk. Archived from the original on twenty August 2011. Retrieved twenty December 2011.
6. ^ Dabhoiwala, Faramerz (2 April 2016). "How English Became English past Simon Horobin review – 'OMG' was starting time used 100 years ago". The Guardian (Review section). London. p. 7. Retrieved eight April 2016.
7. ^ Fisher, John Arbuthnot (1919). Memories. London: Hodder and Stoughton. p. 78.
8. ^ Beverly, Plester; Wood, Clare; Joshi, Puja (2009). "Exploring the relationship between children's knowledge of text message abbreviations and schoolhouse literacy outcomes". British Journal of Developmental Psychology. 27 (1): 145–161. doi:ten.1348/026151008X320507. PMID 19972666.
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Notes [edit]

1. ^ Use of "balletic" in the adjectival sense every bit opposed to psychological term. In Ling, (2005)

   "[Women'south] messages are longer, have a more circuitous structure and retain more of the traditional conventions associated with other written forms than men...

   This competence is also extended to telephonic communication...

   The material here seems to suggest that women are besides more balletic "texters".

External links [edit]

• SlangLang Abbreviations – Slang Words: two,700 abbreviations and their meanings

Expect up txt in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

postmawookefut.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMS_language

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